Experts have warned about the possibility of symptoms of measles in parts of Manitoba, including Winnipeg. Measles, also known as rubeola, is a highly contagious viral disease. It spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. According to the CDC, measles infects up to 90% of unvaccinated people exposed to the virus. Although vaccines have reduced global cases, outbreaks still occur, especially in areas with low immunization rates.

The virus causes a systemic infection, affecting the respiratory tract first. Then, it spreads throughout the body. Measles can lead to severe complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis, and even death. The World Health Organization reports that in 2021, measles caused over 128,000 deaths globally, mostly among children under five.

Early Symptoms of Measles and Progression

Recognizing the Symptoms of Measles

The symptoms of measles typically appear 7 to 14 days after exposure. Initially, patients experience fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes. These symptoms resemble a common cold, which makes early diagnosis difficult. However, measles has unique markers that help distinguish it.

Two to three days after initial symptoms, tiny white spots called Koplik spots appear inside the mouth. These spots are a hallmark of measles. Shortly after, a rash develops. The rash starts on the face and spreads downward to the neck, trunk, arms, legs, and feet. It consists of flat red spots, sometimes with small raised bumps. The rash lasts for 4 to 7 days and may cause intense itching.

During this phase, fever may spike above 104°F or 40°C . The patient often feels extremely fatigued and irritable. Because the virus suppresses the immune system, secondary infections like ear infections and diarrhea may occur. In fact, 1 in 10 children with measles develop ear infections, and 1 in 20 develop pneumonia.

When Do Measles Symptoms Typically Appear?

Measles can appear during any season, but it tends to peak in late winter and early spring. According to the CDC and WHO, this seasonal pattern is common in temperate climates due to increased indoor crowding and lower immunity during colder months. While cases during fall are possible, they are less frequent compared to the early part of the year.

However, outbreaks can still occur in autumn, especially in communities with low vaccination coverage or increased travel.

What Symptoms of Measles Look Like?

Measles presents with a distinct rash. It begins as flat red spots on the face and hairline. Then, it spreads downward. The rash may appear blotchy and merge into large patches. On darker skin tones, the rash may look purple or brown. Koplik spots inside the mouth are another visual clue. These spots resemble grains of salt on a red background.

The eyes often appear red and watery due to conjunctivitis (pink eye). Patients may also squint or avoid light. These visual signs help doctors confirm the diagnosis. If you notice these symptoms of measles, contact a healthcare provider immediately.

How is measles transmitted?

Measles spreads through airborne droplets. When an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, the virus enters the air. Others inhale these droplets or touch contaminated surfaces. The virus remains active on surfaces for up to two hours.

A person with measles becomes contagious four days before the rash appears and remains contagious four days after. This makes isolation critical. According to Canada’s public health agency, “If you develop symptoms of measles, isolate at home and call a health care provider immediately”.

Because measles spreads so easily, outbreaks can occur rapidly. Schools, airports, and hospitals are high-risk zones. Therefore, vaccination and early detection are vital.

Can You Still Get Symptoms of Measles After Vaccination?

Although the measles vaccine is highly effective, breakthrough cases can occur. The MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella) provides 97% protection after two doses. However, immunity may wane over time. In rare cases, vaccinated individuals may contract measles, especially if exposed to high viral loads.

Experts recommend checking your vaccination status before traveling. Dr. William Schaffner, an infectious disease specialist, advises, “Adults born before 1957 are generally considered immune, but it’s wise to confirm immunity through testing or vaccination.”

How Long Does Measles Shot Last?

The MMR vaccine provides long-term immunity. One dose offers 93% protection, while two doses increase it to 97%. Most people retain immunity for life. However, some may need booster shots, especially if traveling to high-risk areas or working in healthcare.

The CDC recommends two doses: the first at 12–15 months and the second at 4–6 years. Adults without documented immunity should receive at least one dose. Immunity from the vaccine is stronger than natural infection, and it reduces the risk of complications.

Stress and Measles: Can Stress Hormones Affect Immunity?

Stress plays a significant role in immune function. Chronic stress elevates cortisol, a hormone that suppresses immune responses. This makes the body more vulnerable to infections, including measles. According to Harvard Health, “Stress weakens the immune system, making it harder to fight off viruses.”

During a measles outbreak, stress can increase susceptibility. Therefore, managing stress is essential to managing symptoms of measles. Experts recommend regular exercise, mindfulness, and adequate sleep. These habits strengthen immunity and reduce the impact of stress hormones.

Preventing Measles: Expert Advice

Vaccination remains the best defense. The MMR vaccine is safe and effective. In addition, public health experts emphasize hygiene and awareness. Avoid contact with infected individuals and disinfect surfaces regularly.

If exposed, monitor symptoms closely. Early signs like fever and rash require immediate attention. Isolate to prevent spread and consult a healthcare provider. Measles can escalate quickly, so prompt action is vital.

Recognizing the symptoms of measles helps prevent complications and protect others. From fever and rash to Koplik spots, each sign offers a clue. Measles spreads easily, but vaccination and awareness reduce risk.Although rare, breakthrough cases can occur, especially under stress. Therefore, stay informed, manage stress, and prioritize immunity. Speak to your doctor if you notice any of these symptoms of measles.